In other words, translation strategies are procedures which the subjects employ in order to solve the translation problems they. Greek to provide a literal, wordforword translation to latin reader. Strategies of translation 241 nietzsche remarked, translation was a form of conquest and latin poets like horace and propertius translated greek texts into the roman present. Translation procedures, strategies and methods by mahmoud ordudari abstract translating culturespecific concepts cscs in general and allusions in particular seem to be one of the most challenging tasks to be performed by a translator. Direct translation techniques and oblique translation techniques, which are going to be dealt with in this paper, are among the most commonly used. Dec 10, 2010 local translation strategy translation procedure. The first section deals with various definitions of the notion of translation strategy, terms used to describe that notion and classifications of translation strategies. Extensive research has been done in the field of translation strategies.
It is regarded as the ideal strategy in translating idiomatic translation, though. This paper studies the various strategies applied by lyubomir nikolov, the translator of j. These translators claim to utilise innovative translation strategies in challenging certain conventional views on translation. Comparative study, lord of the flies mistranslation procedure, newmarks procedures, persian translation, suggested citation. They are 1 communicative translation, in which the attempts is to produce the same effect on the target language readers, and 2 semantic translation, in which the translation attempts within the bare syntactic and semantic constraints of the target language, to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the author. The tested skills involved both translation from english into russian and from russian into english. The evidence gathered was analyzed from the perspective of translation strategies. Michael podell chair affiliate professor, u of chicago, pritzker school of medicine. Translation is the process of rendering aspects and features of a target text semantically, culturally and pragmatically into another language. They range from the realization of a translational problem to its solution or the realization of its insolubility by a subject at a given moment. Newmarks procedures in persian translation of goldings. Translation plays a key role in exchanging the information between languages.
Compatibility and integration of translated drama in the receiving culture 50 2. Newmarks procedures in persian translation of goldings lord of. A proper translation makes the reader to ponder over the cultural context of the source language. The chief execution officer participates in this communication process by helping translate the strategy into a set of measureable objectives that guide behavior and strategic investments across. Th e fi rst section deals with various defi nitions of the notion of translation strategy, terms used to describe that notion. Using thinkaloud protocols to investigate the translation. Translation procedures, strategies and methods by mahmoud ordudari. According to krings 1986, translation strategy is defined as a translators potentially conscious plans for solving concrete translation problems in the framework of a concrete translation task. Semantic strategies of translating culturalspecific terms. In other words, it is an attempts to cover such important aspect. Investigating efl prospective teachers ability to translate. Moreover, efl saudi prospective teachers translation strategy awareness was.
The second section presents the results of some empirical studies on translation strategies. An analysis of translation strategies found in englishbahasa indonesia short story some words with a mummy. The paper is concerned with the strategies of written translation. Translation procedures, strategies and methods samadaranta. This work is a dissertationstyle report on a multiplecase study of mental problemsolving strategies used by german learners of english while producing oral translations of written texts. Newmark 1988 suggests a list of translation procedures which. Study program of english, department of languages and literatures, faculty of cultural studies, universitas brawijaya. Strategic use of translation in learning english as a. A translation process, in turn, is formed of a series of strategies, which can also be combined in different ways. How smart leaders translate strategy into execution. It is because of their explicit rejection of traditional views on fidelity and their emphasis on the individualistic and creative nature of translation as expressed in metatexts that feminist translators work is seen.
Compensation inserting sth similarapproximate at another place in the tt related to the cultural dimension of the context for wordsexpressions that cannot be rendered in the tlc closely related to equivalence it is, to a certain extent, literal like nonrealization, it is a free strategy. Such a literal translation is not so common when the languages in question are more distant. Translation strategies pertain to the prescriptive view of ts form and content. Justifications for teaching strategies in interpreter training. Translating culturespecific items csis journal of new advances. However, translation in the medical field often involves the translation of documents related to new drug applications, of clinical, technical, regulatory, or marketing documents that are related to the medical, pharmaceutical, or health care field.
This study aimed at investigating the applied strategies in the translation of idiomatic expressions in 2 american subtitled movies, namely mean girls 2004 and bring it on. Generally, this strategy is hard to achieve due to the differences among languages, mainly in the process of interlingual translation. The authors main interest is in the mental processes involved. Based on the present article authors professional experience in benha faculty of. Th e fi rst section deals with various defi nitions of the notion of translation strategy, terms used to describe that notion and classifi cations of translation strategies.
A study of applied strategies in translating idiomatic. Translation procedures, strategies and methods uji. Jaaskelainen considers that the translation strategy is a series of competencies, a set of steps or processes that favor the acquisition, storage, andor utilization of information2. Having discussed idiomatic translation, he maintains that idiomatic translation uses the natural forms of the tt in both grammatical and lexical aspects, and do not sound like a translation, rather,it sounds like an original writing in the tl. In this sense, we may have an endless list of procedures.
Abdelhamid elewa alimam mohamed ibn saud ismlamic university. Pdf translating idiomatic expressions from english into. The research focuses on personal names, toponyms and some nicknames as they, according to the. Googles free service instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between english and over 100 other languages. Newmarks procedures in persian translation of goldings lord of the flies. In the same context, loescher 1991 defined translation strategy as a. Abstract concrete or viceversa i havent heard a word from him no he tenido noticias suyas back translation. Translation procedures the translating procedures based on nida 1964. Translation strategy is used in this paper, following loescher 1991. Loescher understands by translation strategy a potentially conscious procedure for solving a problem faced in translating a text, or any segment of it3. Newmarks procedures in persian translation of goldings lord. Translation performance, translation process and translation strategies.
The arabic version of the inventory for translation as a learning strategy aitls was prepared by the author and was administered randomly to 360 undergraduate students who majored in english at the college of arts of the university of. The translator should be careful to use an appropriate strategy to produce a good translation. Methodological framework for the comparative analysis of source and target text 54 2. Through the use of a series of tools and didactic techniques that were implemented in the classroom, the authors conclude that, as a didactic tool in the foreign language classroom, ad contributes not only to. Literal translation may be the norm between two closely related languages. Pdf translation strategies in the lord of the rings. The present study explores the strategic use of translation in learning english by undergraduate students in bahrain. Four centuries later, st jerome describe his bible translation strategy as i render not wordforword but sense for sense. The paper is concerned with the strategies of writt en translation. As it is stated in this definition, the notion of consciousness is significant in distinguishing strategies which are used by the learners or translators. The translation strategies of metaphors in dees supernova.
This is highly interesting in multilingual or multicultural regions, where the reconstruction of linguistic, cultural, ethnic or national difference is manifesting itself geographically as well as geography serving. Translation procedures in contrast to translation strategies the translators global approach or plan of action on a given text, according to their intention, translation procedures are used for sentences and smaller units of language within that text. Medical translation facilitates communication and proper treatment and care for patients who. His strategies in translating names turn very successful in showing the inner. It means that the tl readers read the translation text with confidence that the text they read sounds like the original text. Accordingly, translation strategies have their startingpoint in the realization of a problem by a subject, and their termination in a possibly preliminary solution to the problem or in the subjects realization of the insolubility of the problem at the given point in time. As it is stated in this definition, the notion of consciousness is significant in distinguishing strategies. Analysis of translation strategies the analysis of data gathered for this research report is divided into several sections according to different translation strategies and where possible, tables are included. Summary of translation procedures, strategies and methods. A translation strategy is a potentially conscious procedure for the solution of a problem which an individual is faced with when translating a text segment from one language into another lorscher 1991. Translation in language teaching and assessment ix tool to improve lexical and phraseological competence in the language classroom. Loescher understands by translation strategy a potentially conscious procedure. Bologna, via irnerio 34 capitale euro 25 000 000 i.
Nov 16, 20 summary of translation procedures, strategies and methods by mahmoud ordudari 1. Translation procedures are sometimes used interchangeably with translation strategies. A comparative study of translation strategies applied in dealing. A comparison of the english and vietnamese translation of romeo. The movember foundation knowledge translation strategy was prepared by the sax institute. Pdf this paper studies the various strategies applied by lyubomir. Torino, via vittorio amedeo ii, 18 divisione di zanichelli editore s. They are constituted by those minimal problemsolving steps outlined above. A closer look into concept of strategy and its implications for translation training. Initially, most of the foreign translation studies focused on translation as a process, while many arabic studies focused on translation as a product. Loescher believes that consciousness is the key feature to distinguish strategies used by translation practioners. Cultural borrowing is one of the advantages that transfer ideas, customs, and social behaviors from another culture.
Strategy with attractive entry level devices paying off magnetom essenza one of the worlds top selling magnetic resonance. Strategies are defined as potentially conscious procedures for solving translation problems. Then the selected fragments were offered for translation to a focus group of 12 participants. Students difficulties and strategies in translation the. However, the definition offered by each author or theorist represets hisher own point of view and their views differ from each other. The third chapter deals with the equivalence question. However, translating idiomatic and culturallybound expressions has been a challenge for translators as they are culturebound and involve many cultural elements. Translation is the process of changing the meaning of the source language text by means of an equivalent targetlanguage text. To sort out the results the statistical method was applied. Opposition of cultureoriented strategies in literary. Summary of translation procedures, strategies and methods by mahmoud ordudari 1. It needs the translators mastery over translation strategies which. The movember foundation knowledge translation strategy was commissioned by the movember foundation in september 2014.
Tolkiens trilogy the lord of the rings into bulgarian. Translation strategies central issues in ts from the roman times throughout the midtwentieth century. Furthermore, there is sometimes no onetoone equivalent for the idioms of the source language sl in the target language tl. Translating culturespecific concepts cscs in general and allusions in particular seem to be one of the most challenging tasks to be performed by a translator. Th e second section presents the results of some empirical studies on translation strategies. However, she maintains that processrelated strategies are a set of loosely formulated rules or principles which a translator uses to reach the goals determined by the translating situation. Translation performance, translation process, and translation. The second chapter is devoted to the translation strategies, in other words it is an attempt to prescribe some solutions via which the translators can cope with the problems that they may come across while translating. Means result or viceversa ill drive you home te llevo a casa en mi auto back translation. A comparison of the english and vietnamese translation of. A translation procedure is often applied by translators to solve a given problem in the st source text.
As for translation strategy, it is defined by loescher 1991. Translation performance, translation process, and translation strategies book. By an adequate translation readers or audience of target language culture will acquire a lot of useful benefits. He employs the concepts of domesticating and foreignizing to refer to translation strategies. As mentioned earlier, the analysis is largely based on the translation strategies described by mona baker 1992.
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